Fire Alarm System

Addressable Fire Alarm

Bosch, Honeywell, Edwards, Cooper & Notifier

Conventional Fire Alarm

Agni & Agni Surkasha

Addressable & Analog Panel

Fire Fighting System

Newage & Tyco

What is Fire Alarm System

A fire alarm system is a network of interconnected devices and components designed to detect and alert occupants of a building or area to the presence of a fire or smoke. The primary purpose of a fire alarm system is to provide early warning of a fire, allowing people to evacuate the premises safely and minimizing property damage.

Key components of a fire alarm system typically include:

Smoke Detectors: These devices are designed to sense the presence of smoke particles in the air. There are different types of smoke detectors, including ionization and photoelectric detectors, each with its own method of smoke detection.
Heat Detectors: Heat detectors are triggered when a certain temperature threshold is exceeded. They are often used in areas where smoke detectors may not be suitable, such as kitchens or areas with high dust levels.
Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP): The control panel is the central hub of the fire alarm system. It receives signals from the various detectors and, when a fire condition is detected, activates alarms, notification devices, and alerts the appropriate authorities.
Alarms and Notification Devices: These include horns, sirens, strobe lights, and sometimes voice evacuation systems. These devices are responsible for alerting occupants to the presence of a fire and instructing them to evacuate.
Pull Stations: Manual pull stations or fire alarm boxes are placed in strategic locations throughout a building. When pulled, they activate the fire alarm system, signaling the need for evacuation.
Monitoring and Communication: Some fire alarm systems are connected to a monitoring service that can alert emergency responders automatically when a fire is detected. Additionally, fire alarm systems may include communication devices like speakers and intercoms for emergency announcements and instructions.
Battery Backup: To ensure the system functions even during power outages, fire alarm systems often include battery backup or uninterruptible power supplies (UPS).

Fire alarm systems can be designed for various types of buildings, from residential homes to commercial buildings and industrial facilities. They play a crucial role in fire safety by providing early detection and warning, allowing people to respond quickly and safely to potential fire emergencies. Additionally, fire alarm systems are typically subject to strict regulations and codes to ensure their reliability and effectiveness.

Types of Fire Detecotors

There are several types of fire detectors, each designed to detect fires and smoke using different technologies and methods. The choice of detector type depends on the specific application and the type of fire hazards present. Here are some common types of fire detectors:

Ionization Smoke Detectors:
- Ionization smoke detectors use a small amount of radioactive material to ionize the air inside the detector.
- When smoke enters the chamber, it disrupts the ionization process, causing a drop in electrical current, which triggers the alarm.
- Ionization detectors are sensitive to fast-burning, flaming fires and are commonly used in residential settings.
Photoelectric Smoke Detectors:
- Photoelectric smoke detectors use a light source (typically an LED) and a photosensitive sensor.
- Smoke entering the chamber scatters the light, causing it to hit the sensor and trigger the alarm.
- These detectors are more responsive to smoldering, slow-burning fires and are often used in residential and commercial settings.
Heat Detectors:
- Heat detectors activate when they sense a significant increase in temperature.
- There are two main types of heat detectors: fixed-temperature detectors, which trigger at a specific temperature threshold, and rate-of-rise detectors, which activate if the temperature rises rapidly.
- Heat detectors are commonly used in areas where smoke detectors may not be suitable, such as kitchens or garages.
Flame Detectors:
- Flame detectors are specialized sensors designed to detect the presence of flames by sensing the characteristic infrared (IR) or ultraviolet (UV) radiation emitted by flames.
- They are often used in industrial settings where the early detection of flames is critical, such as chemical plants or petrochemical facilities.
Gas Detectors:
- Gas detectors are used to detect the presence of specific gases that can indicate a fire hazard, such as carbon monoxide (CO) or natural gas (methane).
- These detectors are crucial for detecting fires caused by gas leaks or combustion processes.
Aspirating Smoke Detectors (Air Sampling):
- Aspirating smoke detectors draw air samples from the monitored area through a network of pipes to a central detection unit.
- The air samples are analyzed for the presence of smoke particles, providing highly sensitive and early detection of smoke.
- These detectors are often used in critical environments like data centers, museums, and clean rooms.
Flame Ionization Detectors (FIDs):
- FIDs are used in specific industrial settings to detect the presence of hydrocarbon gases or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can indicate a fire risk.
- They work by ionizing and detecting the combustion products of hydrocarbons.

The choice of fire detector type depends on factors such as the type of fire risks present, the environmental conditions, and the desired level of sensitivity. In many cases, a combination of different types of detectors may be used to provide comprehensive fire detection coverage in a facility.

Types of Fire Control Panels

Ionization Smoke Detectors:
- Ionization smoke detectors use a small amount of radioactive material to ionize the air inside the detector.
- When smoke enters the chamber, it disrupts the ionization process, causing a drop in electrical current, which triggers the alarm.
- Ionization detectors are sensitive to fast-burning, flaming fires and are commonly used in residential settings.
Photoelectric Smoke Detectors:
- Photoelectric smoke detectors use a light source (typically an LED) and a photosensitive sensor.
- Smoke entering the chamber scatters the light, causing it to hit the sensor and trigger the alarm.
- These detectors are more responsive to smoldering, slow-burning fires and are often used in residential and commercial settings.
Heat Detectors:
- Heat detectors activate when they sense a significant increase in temperature.
- There are two main types of heat detectors: fixed-temperature detectors, which trigger at a specific temperature threshold, and rate-of-rise detectors, which activate if the temperature rises rapidly.
- Heat detectors are commonly used in areas where smoke detectors may not be suitable, such as kitchens or garages.
Flame Detectors:
- Flame detectors are specialized sensors designed to detect the presence of flames by sensing the characteristic infrared (IR) or ultraviolet (UV) radiation emitted by flames.
- They are often used in industrial settings where the early detection of flames is critical, such as chemical plants or petrochemical facilities.
Gas Detectors:
- Gas detectors are used to detect the presence of specific gases that can indicate a fire hazard, such as carbon monoxide (CO) or natural gas (methane).
- These detectors are crucial for detecting fires caused by gas leaks or combustion processes.
Aspirating Smoke Detectors (Air Sampling):
- Aspirating smoke detectors draw air samples from the monitored area through a network of pipes to a central detection unit.
- The air samples are analyzed for the presence of smoke particles, providing highly sensitive and early detection of smoke.
- These detectors are often used in critical environments like data centers, museums, and clean rooms.
Flame Ionization Detectors (FIDs):
- FIDs are used in specific industrial settings to detect the presence of hydrocarbon gases or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can indicate a fire risk.
- They work by ionizing and detecting the combustion products of hydrocarbons.

A fire alarm hooter, also known as a fire alarm horn or fire alarm sounder, is a critical component of a fire alarm system designed to provide audible alerts and warnings in the event of a fire or other emergency. The primary purpose of a fire alarm hooter is to notify occupants of a building or area about the presence of a fire or other life-threatening situations so that they can evacuate safely.

Key characteristics and functions of a fire alarm hooter include:

Audible Alerts: Fire alarm hooters emit loud, distinctive sounds, such as sirens, horns, or bells, that can be easily heard throughout a building or area. The sound is intended to grab people’s attention and signal the need for immediate action.
Variable Tones: Many fire alarm hooters are capable of producing different tones or patterns, which can convey specific information to occupants. For example, a continuous tone may indicate a fire evacuation, while an intermittent tone may signal another type of emergency.
Strobe Lights: In addition to audible alerts, some fire alarm hooters are equipped with integrated strobe lights or visual indicators. These lights are especially important for alerting individuals with hearing impairments or in situations where the noise level is high.
Compatibility: Fire alarm hooters are designed to be compatible with the overall fire alarm system, including the fire alarm control panel (FACP). They are activated when the FACP detects a fire or other emergency situation.
Zoning: In larger buildings or complexes, fire alarm hooters may be divided into zones, each corresponding to a specific area. This zoning allows for targeted alerting, ensuring that only the affected areas receive the alarm.
Battery Backup: To ensure the hooters continue to operate during power outages, many fire alarm hooters are equipped with battery backup systems or are connected to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
Testing and Maintenance: Regular testing and maintenance are essential to ensure the reliability of fire alarm hooters. They should be inspected, tested, and maintained according to relevant safety standards and local regulations.

Fire alarm hooters are a crucial component of fire safety systems, working in conjunction with other devices like smoke detectors, heat detectors, fire alarm control panels, and manual pull stations to provide a comprehensive fire detection and notification system. When properly installed and maintained, they play a critical role in alerting occupants to emergencies and facilitating their safe evacuation from a building.

A manual call point, also known as a manual pull station or manual fire alarm station, is an important component of a fire alarm system that allows individuals to manually activate the fire alarm in the event of a fire or emergency. It is a wall-mounted device typically found in various locations throughout a building, especially in areas where occupants can quickly access it in case of an emergency. Manual call points are often required by fire safety codes and regulations.

Key features and functions of a manual call point include:

Activation Mechanism: A manual call point typically consists of a breakable glass or plastic cover and a pull lever or push-button mechanism. To activate the fire alarm, an individual must break the cover and either pull the lever or push the button. Breaking the cover ensures that the activation is deliberate and not accidental.
Visual Indication: Once the manual call point is activated, it often includes a visual indication such as a light or LED that illuminates to confirm that the alarm has been initiated.
Audible Alarm Activation: When the manual call point is activated, it sends a signal to the fire alarm control panel (FACP), which triggers audible alarms, such as sirens, horns, or bells, to alert building occupants.
Location Identification: Manual call points are typically labeled with instructions on how to use them and their purpose. They may also be labeled with a specific zone or area designation to help responders identify the location of the alarm.
Reset Mechanism: After activation, manual call points typically have a reset mechanism that allows authorized personnel or fire department personnel to reset the device once the emergency situation has been resolved.
Tamper Resistance: Manual call points are designed to resist tampering or accidental activation. The protective cover must be broken or removed intentionally to activate the alarm.
Testing: Periodic testing and maintenance of manual call points are essential to ensure their functionality. Fire safety regulations often require routine testing to confirm that the device is operational.

Manual call points are an important part of fire safety systems because they enable swift action in the event of a fire or other emergency. When someone detects a fire or hazardous situation, they can manually activate the alarm, notifying building occupants and emergency responders, which can help save lives and reduce property damage.

A Fire Alarm System Response Indicator (often abbreviated as FASRI or just “response indicator”) is a component or device within a fire alarm system that provides visual and/or audible feedback about the status and response of the fire alarm system. These indicators are important for both building occupants and emergency responders to understand the current state of the alarm system during a fire or emergency situation.

Key features and functions of a Fire Alarm System Response Indicator include:

Visual Indication: Response indicators typically include visual elements such as LEDs (light-emitting diodes), strobe lights, or alphanumeric displays. These visual elements display important information, such as whether the fire alarm system is in normal operation, in an alarm state, or undergoing testing/maintenance.
Audible Indication: In some cases, response indicators may also include audible signals or voice messages to provide additional information or instructions to occupants. Audible signals may include tones or voice announcements.
Status Information: The response indicator conveys the current status of the fire alarm system, including whether it has detected a fire or other emergency, whether alarms are activated, and any relevant trouble or fault conditions.
Zoning Information: In larger buildings or complexes with multiple zones, response indicators may display which specific zone or area has triggered the alarm. This helps occupants and responders identify the location of the emergency.
Testing and Maintenance: Response indicators may also provide feedback during system testing and maintenance activities to confirm that the system is functioning correctly or to signal any issues that require attention.
Reset Functionality: Some response indicators may have a reset button or mechanism to allow authorized personnel to acknowledge and reset alarms after the emergency situation has been resolved.
Integration: Response indicators are typically integrated with the overall fire alarm system and can receive signals from fire alarm control panels, smoke detectors, heat detectors, manual call points, and other devices within the system.

The primary purpose of a Fire Alarm System Response Indicator is to ensure that occupants are aware of the fire or emergency situation, understand the system’s status, and receive necessary instructions for evacuation or other actions. These indicators are an essential part of fire safety systems and contribute to the overall effectiveness of emergency response efforts.